A-B 1762-IQ16“機(jī)器換人”在東部沿海地區(qū)方興未艾，成為企業(yè)提高效益、推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升不約而同的選
擇。江蘇淮安淮鑫棉紡織有限公司細(xì)紗車間里沒有人頭攢動(dòng)，只有排排整齊的“絲餅”匯成白色
海洋飛轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。公司副總經(jīng)理高云根說，過去每生產(chǎn)萬錠紗需要40人，如今只要39人。工人減少近
3/4，產(chǎn)值卻增加0多倍。
這種場(chǎng)景在浙江、廣東等傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)大省同樣上演。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，自204年9月至今年9月底，廣東
東莞申報(bào)“機(jī)器換人”專項(xiàng)資金的622個(gè)有效項(xiàng)目總投資達(dá)53.2億元，申報(bào)項(xiàng)目數(shù)量遠(yuǎn)超過去0年
技改資助項(xiàng)目的數(shù)量總和；在浙江省溫州市甌海區(qū)，已實(shí)施和正在實(shí)施“機(jī)器換人”項(xiàng)目的規(guī)模
以上企業(yè)有250余，占全區(qū)48規(guī)模以上企業(yè)的52%。
“機(jī)器換人”導(dǎo)企業(yè)用工數(shù)量減少、就業(yè)難加劇，似乎是顯而易見的結(jié)果，而作為產(chǎn)業(yè)工人
的主要提供方，職業(yè)教育也將面臨困境。
“換掉了批人，就得有另批人補(bǔ)上�！苯�(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)教授劉志彪認(rèn)為，“機(jī)器換人”方面反映了市
場(chǎng)低端勞動(dòng)力需求的大幅度減少，另方面反映了技術(shù)工人、專業(yè)技術(shù)人員等明顯緊缺，凸顯出就
業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾。
“職業(yè)教育直是產(chǎn)業(yè)工人的提供方，從當(dāng)下來看，職業(yè)教育尚未完全跟上形勢(shì)。”浙江工業(yè)
大學(xué)教育科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院副教授劉曉調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn)，企業(yè)所需要的機(jī)器人技師乃至工程師角色與目前
職業(yè)教育高技術(shù)技能型人才供給的失衡，仍是制約企業(yè)“機(jī)器換人”進(jìn)程的重要因素，也加劇了
“機(jī)器換人”后的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾。
于“機(jī)器換人”引發(fā)的新問題，中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士、華中科技大學(xué)機(jī)械科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院院長(zhǎng)丁
漢認(rèn)為，“機(jī)器換人”并非不要人，而是需要更多的技術(shù)人才去實(shí)現(xiàn)智能化的操作�！斑@就意味
著于‘機(jī)器換人’換下來的人，要加強(qiáng)技能培訓(xùn)，讓他們成為機(jī)器的操控者�！倍h說，“機(jī)器
換人”技能型人才的規(guī)模、結(jié)構(gòu)提出新要求，將給職業(yè)教育帶來新的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)
調(diào)查問卷顯示，在“機(jī)器換人”過程中，企業(yè)技術(shù)技能人才有四大需求：是急需能操控智能制造
、自動(dòng)化設(shè)備的專業(yè)技能人員；二是增加電子工程、信息技術(shù)、機(jī)械等專業(yè)復(fù)合型人才；三是智
能制造的多學(xué)科、跨領(lǐng)域和大數(shù)據(jù)特性，管理人員提出了更高的要求；四是需要大量的高端服務(wù)
業(yè)從業(yè)人員從事智能制造的配套工作。
廈門興銳達(dá)自動(dòng)化設(shè)備有限公司
聯(lián)系人：劉錦玲 銷售經(jīng)理
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手 機(jī)：15359273791
QQ: 2859249356
微信：15359273791
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